A major focus of the Illinois Agronomy Lab is exploring ways to advance the productivity and environmental performance of row-crop systems in Illinois and the upper Midwest. To do it, our team takes an interdisciplinary approach to document and understand the implications of a variety of in-field conservation practices (e.g., 4R nutrient stewardship, cover cropping, and conservation tillage) on crop productivity and profitability, soil and water quality, greenhouse gas emissions, and nutrient losses. This knowledge is then integrated and delivered through our Extension program.

From the Blog:

• Early-season crop progress and conditions – June 2026June 11, 2026
  Despite some wet and cold periods in April and May across parts of Illinois, the 2026 corn and soybean crops were planted at a near-normal pace. Soybean planting began early and remained ahead of corn planting throughout the season, with 7% of the soybean crop planted by April 7 (5% above the five-year average for 2021-2025) and 50% planted by May 5. The first NASS report for corn indicated 1% planted by April 5 and 50% planted by May 10…
• Update on corn planting progress and prospectsMay 12, 2026
  Even with this recent slowdown, Illinois soybean is ahead of most of the Corn Belt, with 57% of the soybean crop planted by May 10, up 11 percentage points from the previous week. This is also well ahead of both last year (48%) and the five-year average (47% for 2021-2025). Corn planting has also progressed at a near-normal pace, with 54% planted by May 10, up 16 percentage points from last week.
• What to watch as soybean planting begins in 2026April 15, 2026
  March was wetter than normal across much of Illinois, with statewide precipitation averaging 4.85 inches, 1.91 inches above normal. The wet trend continued into the first two weeks of April, particularly in northern Illinois, which has received between 3 and 5 inches of rainfall since April 1…
• The 2025 growing season in Illinois: good but not greatFebruary 24, 2026
  The 2025 growing season in Illinois delivered another storyline characterized by sharp weather contrasts, average crop condition ratings, some disease pressure in places, and very good — if not record-setting — yields in many, but not all, areas. As we have seen before, crops showed their ability to translate good mid-season conditions to good yields even with very dry late-season conditions…
• Evaluating soybean performance in conservation systems – project updateFebruary 4, 2026
  This project aimed to evaluate whether growers can maintain productivity and profitability while using reduced tillage and cover crops, systems that protect soil but are often perceived as risky. A second objective was to understand whether starter fertilizer (nitrogen + sulfur) could offset early-season challenges in these systems, such as cool soils, heavy residue, and slower early growth.
• Double-crop soybean management practices – project summaryJanuary 13, 2026
  There is a growing interest in wheat/soybean double-cropping systems in Illinois, extending into parts of central Illinois where wheat acreage has been limited in recent decades. This article summarizes findings from field trials evaluating management practices for double-crop soybean in central Illinois
• The 2025 soybean crop as we approach harvestSeptember 12, 2025
  While August rainfall is the “soybean maker,” July rainfall is also important to the podsetting process that sets up yield potential. July rainfall was plentiful overall in Illinois, but varied from an inch or two less than normal in parts of southern Illinois to more than twice normal amounts in western and northwestern Illinois…
• Another bin-busting corn year in Illinois approaches maturityAugust 13, 2025
  It was no surprise to see the 2025 corn yield projected at 222 bushels for Iowa, but it was surprising to see 221 bushels projected for Illinois. Ihe US yield is predicted to be 188.8 bushels per acre, 9.5 bushels higher than the previous yield record, set in 2024. So, while 2025 is set to be a great year for corn, we will consider here what it will take to achieve such high yields and what might prevent them from reaching such high levels, at least in some places…